Example French Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 996 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Other Languages Essay Type Essay any type Did you like this example? Quels sont les facteurs de la montà ©e du Front National et de son succà ¨s aux à ©lections prà ©sidentielles en 2002? Apres les à ©lections prà ©sidentielles de 2002 et la nomination de Jean-Marie Le Pen, leader du Front National, au premier tour le 21 avril, la France fut jetà ©e en confusion. Personne, il est vrai, ne sy attendait, mais vu de recul cette victoire partielle peut à ªtre expliquà ©e par nombreux facteurs a la fois psychologiques, politiques et sociaux. 1. Le nombre de candidats pour la prà ©sidence Un incroyable total de seize candidats se sont prà ©sentà ©s aux à ©lections de 2002  ! Un choix extensif comme certains pourraient penser, trop extensif pensent dautres. Tout le monde pensait que, comme tous les ans, Jacques Chirac le prà ©sident actuel et Lionel Jospin le Premier Ministre là ©poque, se retrouvà ¨rent face face au deuxià ¨me tour. Les deux partis vivaient en co-habitation dans le gouvernement depuis quelques annà ©es dà ©j. à §a allait à ªtre la bataille du sià ¨cle. Mais la Gauche à ©tait fragmentà ©e en de nombreux petits partis (lextrà ªme gauche, les à ©cologistes, la nouvelle gauche), la fragilisant visvis des autres partis. Les Franais, dà ©sillusionnà ©s face cette gauche divisà ©e, se tournà ¨rent vers les seules alternatives qui leur parurent plausible  ; la droite, lextrà ªme droite ou labstentionnisme. Le Front National reu 11,75% des votes mais là ©lectorat lui-mà ªme est pensà © monter jusqu 16%. Le taux de voteur s pour le parti na jamais à ©tà © aussi à ©levà ©, et cette manifestation du pouvoir de là ©lectorat fut un rà ©veil alarmiste pour les partis divisà ©s de la gauche socialiste. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Example French Essay" essay for you Create order 2. Le taux dabstention Il est pensà © que ce fut, en plus du grand nombre de candidats, le large taux dabstention qui coà »ta sa place aux deuxià ¨me tour au premier ministre Lionel Jospin. Il renona dailleurs la position de leader de la gauche socialiste aprà ¨s cette dà ©faite, si humiliante pour son parti et si inattendue. Etre battu par un pourcentage si faible fut pris comme un vote de non-confiance en son parti. Il est vrai que, les Franais originalement de gauche qui sà ©taient abstenus de voter au premier tour en proteste, se rassemblà ¨rent vite au second et votà ¨rent en masse pour Chirac par peur de la trà ¨s rà ©elle montà ©e de lextrà ªme droite en France. Mais le mal, malheureusement, avaient dà ©j à ©tà © fait. Il est aussi pensà © que la hausse du taux dabstention est lià © la montà ©e des thà ©ories anarchistes venue dEspagne et de Corse, mais ceci nest quun spà ©culation pour tenter dexpliquer le graduel dà ©sillusionnement des Franais. Les abstentionnistes furent a ppelà ©s voter en masse au deuxià ¨me tour pour à ©liminer toute chance quavait Le Pen daccà ©der la prà ©sidence, aussi improbable soit-elle. 3. Linsà ©curità ©, la violence et le chaumage en France Lagenda politique en France en 2002 fut à ©galement crucial pour dà ©terminer du futur Prà ©sident de la Rà ©publique. Linsà ©curità © face la menace terroriste que provoqua le 11 septembre, la violence urbaine et la hausse du chaumage en France poussà ¨rent une population vieillissante se confier un homme contre limmigration massive et lintà ©gration raciale. Le Pen est connu pour ses propos anti-sà ©mite, en particulier laffirmation que limmigration de mass est le pire danger nous avons jamais rencontrà © en histoire. Linflux dimmigrants de partout dans le monde en France, un pays rà ©putà © pour sa solidarità © visvis de rà ©fugià ©s politiques, est pensà © à ªtre une des causes directes de la montà ©e du chaumage dans lhexagone. Dans ce contexte la sympathie pour les causes de Le Pen est à ©vidente. Similairement, la violence dans les banlieues de Paris est des autres grandes villes franaises comme Marseille et Lille est pensà © à ªtre à ©galement lià © limmigration et la montà ©e de jeunes auxquelles les valeurs franaises nont pas encore à ©tà © inculquà ©es. 4. La popularità © de la fille de Le Pen Le charisme de la fille de Le Pen, Marine, une avocate de 34 ans, est à ©galement pensà © avoir eu un effet non nà ©gligeable sur le succà ¨s du Front National aux à ©lections de 2002. Elle fut intà ©grà ©e en tant que membre du parti aprà ¨s son succà ¨s aux à ©lections rà ©gionales. En avril 2003 Jean-Marie Le Pen nomma sa fille une des cinq vice-prà ©sidents de Front National. Il est pensà © que cette dà ©marche fut une man-uvre pour baisser linfluence de Bruno Gollnisch qui se positionnait pour remplacer Le Pen quand il prendra à ©ventuellement sa retraite. Ce transfert de pouvoir ressemble beaucoup au transfert de pouvoir comme dans une monarchie. Cependant, linfluence de Marine Le Pen sur le succà ¨s du parti est passà © prà © dater les à ©lections. En tant que femme, elle inspira confiance là ©lectorat fà ©minin qui, jusqualors, ne reprà ©sentant quun minime pourcentage du parti. Elle est devenu un personnage mà ©diatique apparaissant rà ©gulià ¨reme nt la tà ©là ©vision nationale pour dà ©fendre les idà ©es de son pà ¨re. La stratà ©gie du parti vers le recrutement dun plus jeune à ©lectorat fut aussi favoriser par ses apparitions publiques. Heureusement, Le Pen fut battu en masse par Jacques Chirac au deuxià ¨me tour le 5 mai, mais le choc de ce premier tour perdure. Les Franais, par contre, nhà ©sità ¨rent pas exprimer leur dà ©ception avoir à ©tà © forcà © voter pour un prà ©sident qui, peut-à ªtre, naurait pas gagnà © si Lionel Jospin à ©tait passà © au premier tour. Comme le dit Le Quà ©bà ©cois Libre, Dans cet affrontement entre les candidats dits   de droite   et   dextrà ªme droite   (les deux offrant toutefois des programmes largement à ©tatistes), quelle est la meilleure conduite adopter pour faire avancer la libertà ©Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  ? Ce quoi nous faisons face maintenant est une stratà ©gie de diabolisation du Front National initià ©e par les socialistes et la droite luttant contre une stratà ©gie de normalisation de leur parti dirigà ©e par le Front National avec Marine Le Pen en tà ªte.

Personal Reflection - 756 Words

Personal reflections are characterized as learning through experience in gaining new insights and changed perception of self and practices. Reflection can be a difficult experience without the support and guidance of an expert (Johns, 2004). This personal reflection presents an exciting opportunity for me to consider how successful my placement in the intermediate care has been in terms of my own personal learning. By reflecting on the positive aspects of the placement, I will be able to make sense of my personal learning and apply what I have learnt into future careers. At the beginning of my placement I knew very little about intermediate care or services it provided regarding alternatives to hospital care for elderly patients. In†¦show more content†¦Patients are assessed by nursing staff and other professionals such as a physiotherapist and occupational therapist collaborating, as to whether a patient would need a care package in place, where possible patients are kept at home with support to assist with personal care. One particular day I was able to take part in an assessment with my mentor and an occupational therapist, the patient was assessed and it was clear that the patient was not coping well at home, a family member was present and were worried and anxious that the patient was unsafe at home and might be at risk of falling, therefore, extra support where needed. The patient was anxious and was unsure about leaving their home, however, my mentor and myself reassured the patient that intermediate care was for a short period of time and she would be able to go back home, eventually with lots of reassurance the patient was transferred to a localitys center, qualified staff at the center were able to continue therapy programs. On reflection, I was pleased the patient got the help that were needed and that the intermediate care, intensive rehabilitation service is an important part of supporting older people to regain their health and independence after major surgeryShow MoreRelatedPersonal Reflection And Development Plan1431 Words   |  6 PagesPersonal Reflection and Development Plan Reflective practice has helped many people to improve their learning. It is a valuable tool often used by healthcare and education providers to improve their approach to work by questioning their actions. 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The person that I interviewed for this assignment was Emily Hampshire, the coordinator of one of a program called 180. Emily has been with the agency for over a year and is currently the coordinator of the agency’s newest program. This program is a gang prevention and intervention program and was created for the local at-riskRead MorePersonal Reflection1710 Words   |  7 PagesThis reflection will discuss personal diffidence and how it has influenced my academic studies, including my practice within placement settings. Gibbs reflective cycle (Gibbs, 1998) has been utilised as it illustrates a clear structure for the process of reflection. To conclude this reflection will draw together the themes which have emerged and highlight a clear action for future learning that will be used in order to enhance my future practice. Within my previous occupation as a health care assistant

Introductory Biochemical Laboratory Lab Report 4 Free Essays

string(71) " was not reflect the actual component of serum protein in human serum\." LIFS 2720 – Introductory Biochemical Laboratory Lab Report 4 Serum Electrophoresis Using Cellulose Acetate Name: CHAN Kin Yan ID:20094186 Group No. 9 Date of Experiment: 1st March 2012 Abstract Electrophoresis is a useful tool to separate components in a mixture based on their charges and differential mobility. Proteins are electrically charged. We will write a custom essay sample on Introductory Biochemical Laboratory Lab Report 4 or any similar topic only for you Order Now When put under an electric field, proteins with different mobility migrates towards the electrode at different speed. The rate of mobility is determined by the balance between the driving force and the frictional force. The higher the rate of mobility, the closer the serum proteins move to the anode. In the experiment of cellulose acetate zonal electrophoresis, barbital buffer and bromophenol blue were used in the steps of sample loading and staining of membrane. The result showed that serum albumin has the highest concentration, followed by ? Globulin, ? Globulin and ? 2 Globulin indicated by the colour intensity of the bands and peaks on the chromatogram. Also, the smaller the protein, the nearer to the anode due to the smaller resistance. So, serum albumin had the smallest size and ? Globulin had the largest size accordingly. 5 peaks should be observed in the chromatogram but our result had only 4 peaks. It was believed that the peak for ? 1 Globulin was missing as it had low concentration and similar size with ? 2 Globulin, so the peak was not visible. Various types of diseases like Multiple Myeloma and Sickle Cell Anemia can be diagnosis by many different forms of electrophoresis in laboratory. Introduction Separating serum proteins is a useful diagnostic tool and it is also a way to monitor clinical progress. Serum proteins are proteins that present in blood erum. They serve many functions, including transport of lipids, hormones and vitamins in the circulatory system, etc. Albumins, globulins, fibrinogen, regulatory proteins and clotting factors are the five families in serum protein. In this experiment, only albumins and globulins were focused. 55% and 38% of blood proteins contains serum albumin and globulins respectively. Serum albumin maintains the osmoti c pressure of plasma so as to assist the transport of lipids and steroid hormones. Globulins transport ions, hormones and lipids assisting in immune function. Proteins are electrically charged and they migrate towards the electrode when placed under an electric field. So, electrophoresis is a valuable tool to separate proteins in blood by exploiting their differential mobility in the electric field. The negatively charged proteins move to anode, a positive terminal and the rate of mobility of different serum proteins is determined by the balance between the driving force and the frictional force acting on them. The higher the rate of mobility, the closer the serum proteins move to the anode, Therefore, different serum proteins are separated in the electrophoresis. In this experiment, cellulose acetate zonal electrophoresis was used as it can be applied to a wide variety of clinical electrophoresis including haemoglobin, serum protein and urine proteins with low molecular weight. This setup containing three main components which were DC power supply, electrophoresis chamber and supporting medium. The DC power supply provided a constant voltage and electric field producing a driving force to drive the protein serums and so separated five serum proteins into distinctive electrophoresis bands. Analyzing of the electrophoresis band by Quantiscan gave a chromatogram so as to differentiate and identify the serum proteins. Barbital buffer was used to stabilize pH environment during the electrophoresis process. The buffer applied should be unreactive with serum proteins so as to give the accurate result. Tracking dye Bromophenol blue was used to monitor the process and as it is negatively charged at pH 8. 6, it migrated the same direction with the serum protein so the locations of the serum protein was stained. Materials and Methods Sample loading First, the cellulose membrane was saturated with barbital buffer and the buffer saturated membrane was transferred to a filter paper. Then, a pencil line was drawn on the membrane. Human serum containing bromophenol blue dye was applied along the pencil line. Next, the membrane was placed into the electrophoretic tank and the machine was started. Staining of membrane First, the membrane was stained by Ponceau-S and then it was de-stained by acetic acid for three times. Next, water was removed in the membrane by absolute and cleaned by ethanol acetic acid. The membrane was placed on the glass plate without bubbles trapped. Finally, the membrane was placed in the oven and analyzed by the Quantiscan. Results [pic] Figure 1 Photograph of the electrophoretic membrane |Serum Protein |*Color intensity |Color | |Serum Albumin |+++++ |Deep red | |? 1 Globulin | Not applicable | |? Globulin |+ |Pink | |? Globulin |++ |Pale red | |? Globulin |+++ |Red | Table 1 Table of analysis of the membrane The band color intensities represented the relative concentration of the serum proteins. The stronger the color intensity of the band of that serum protein, the higher concentration of that protein. With above explanation that serum albumin had the highest concentration, followed by ? Globulin, ? Globulin and ? 2 Globulin. Figure 3 Chromatogram of the serum proteins The peak heights of the graph also represented the relative concentration of the serum proteins. The higher the peak, the higher the concentration of the serum proteins. This agreeed with the above explanation that the concentration of serum albumin was the highest followed by ? Globulin, ? Globulin and ? 2 Globulin in the membrane. [pic] Figure 4 Scanning of the electrophoretic membrane There were 4 bands identified in the scanning and 4 peaks in the chromatogram. With reference to Y-axis, they were serum albumin, ? 2 Globulin, ? Globulin and ? Globulin accordingly. As different serum proteins have different sizes, they move at different rates under electrophoresis. The smaller the protein, the farer the get away from the starting point (200 in the Y-axis) due to the smaller resistance. Therefore, serum albumin had the smallest size and ? Globulin had the largest size accordingly. Discussion It was predicted that 5 peaks will be observed in the chromatogram. However, only 4 peaks were shown in the result. Our result was not reflect the actual component of serum protein in human serum. You read "Introductory Biochemical Laboratory Lab Report 4" in category "Essay examples" It was believed that the peak for ? 1 Globulin was missing. Its peak should lie between the position of serum albumin and ? 2 globulin but it was not clearly observed. As the peak heights of the graph represented the relative concentration of the serum proteins. The higher the peak, the higher the concentration of the serum proteins. Therefore, this was probably because the concentration of ? 1 globulin was low so it cannot be detected and analyzed clearly. Moreover, as different serum proteins have different sizes, they move at different rates under electrophoresis. The smaller the protein, the farer the get away from the starting point (200 in the Y-axis) due to the smaller resistance. Since the size of ? 1 globulin and ? 2 globulin are similar, they are not separated completely due to their similar mobility and so their peaks are fused. In addition, the use of low voltage in the electrophoresis, the serum proteins in sample cannot separate completely leading to the unobvious peak in ? globulin. The rate of mobility of a protein under an electric field is determined by the balance between the driving force and the resisting force acting on the molecule. The driving force depends on four factors which are the number and kind of charges per molecules, the degree of dissociation of the molecules in the buffer, the magnitude of the electrical field and the temperature. While the driving force is the force allowing the protein to migrate, the resisting force is an opposite force opposing the movement of the protein. For the resisting force, it depends on another four factors which are the size and shape of the molecules, the viscosity of the medium, the ionic strength of the buffer and the solubility and adsorptive properties of the support medium. The higher the rate of mobility, the closer the serum proteins move to the anode, Therefore, different serum proteins are separated in the electrophoresis. The mobility of the proteins on the electrophoretic membrane can also be expressed by the equation. Molecular mobility ( µ) = Net ionic charge (q) / frictional coefficient (f) The proof is given as followed: Velocity of the molecule:v = Eq / f At constant electrical force:v = q / f Mobility ( µ) as velocity per electrical unit µ = v / E Substitute by v = Eq / f µ = Eq / Ef = q / f Besides, there are additional factors affecting electrophoretic mobility. As the mobility is independent to the strength of electric field due to the constant power supply (100V in this experiment), only the velocity of the molecules is affected. According to the equation v = Eq/f, the velocity of the serum protein increase as the electric field. Also, Shielding of migrating molecules by buffer ions is also one of the factors. Barbital buffer in this experiment was used as an electrolyte, a conducting solution. It acted as a buffer to stabilize the ionic environment and maintain pH in the electrophoresis so that the charge of the protein molecules would not change, i. e. , keeping the negative charge, during the process. Moreover, the electrophoretic mobility of the buffer counterions and the resolution of the gel will be affected by the choice of buffer. So, the buffer chosen should be unreactive and not modify or react with experimental serum proteins. For electrophoresis, it is basically the interaction between migrating molecules and supporting medium. The motion of dispersed particles is relative to the electrolyte under the influence of a uniform electric field. In addition tracking dye Bromophenol blue was used in this experiment to monitor the process and indicate the stopping time of the experiment as it travels more rapidly than the serum proteins in the supporting medium. Since bromophenol blue carries negative charges at pH 8. 6, it migrates with the serum protein in the same direction and the locations of the specific serum protein is indicated. There are different types of tracking dyes used in electrolysis for different purposes. For detection of proteins, silver staining is used. For detecting DNA, fluorescent dye or radioisotopes can be used. Major serum proteins are divided into two families which are albumin and globulins. There are four major types of globulins, each with specific properties and actions. For serum albumin, it carries steroid, fatty acids and thyroid hormones in blood and stabilizes extracellular fluid volume. It also acts as a major contributor of colloid osmotic pressure in plasma. For ? lobulin, including ? 1 globulin and ? 2 globulin, they inhibit certain blood  proteases and some of them functioned as enzyme and carrier of compounds. For ? Globulin, it also acts as enzyme and carrier of compounds in the body, e. g, plasminogen and properdin. For ? Globulin, it is a kind of immunoglobulin which is a subclass of antibodies to boost patient’s immunity against disease. Serum albumin maintains the osmotic pressure of plasma so as to assist the transport of lipids and steroid hormones. Globulins transport ions, hormones and lipids assisting in immune function. Various types of electrophoresis are used in diagnosis of diseases. For example, for Multiple Myeloma patients, a high serum protein, especially the concentration of globulins or immunoglobulin, is recorded in serum protein electrophoresis. If the globulin level is normal in established disease, protein electrophoresis of the blood and urine should be adopted to show the presence of a paraprotein band which is an abnormal immunoglobulin produced by the tumor clone. For the patient of Sickle Cell Anemia, Abnormal haemoglobin forms can be detected by haemoglobin electrophoresis which is a form of gel electrophoresis. In which, various types of haemoglobin move at different speeds are observed. Sickle-cell haemoglobin and haemoglobin C with sickling can be identified from the experiment. Besides paper electrophoresis was used in this experiment, many others forms of electrophoresis were invented. Agarose gel electrophoresis is used to separate DNA fragments ranging from 50 base pair to several megabases. The distance between DNA bands of a given length is determined by the percent agarose in the gel. As agarose gel is easily handled comparing to other matrices and gel setting is a physical rather than chemical change, samples are easily recovered. SDS-PAGE, sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, is a technique widely used in biochemistry, genetics and biotechnology to separate proteins according to their electrophoretic mobility. SDS is a detergent applied to a protein sample to linearize proteins. The binding of SDS to the polypeptide chain gives an even distribution of charge per unit mass, therefore, estimation of molecular weights of protein subunits can be completed by this electrophoresis. Citation 1. Shim, J. ; P. Dutta and C. F. Ivory (2007). â€Å"Modeling and simulation of IEF in 2-D microgeometries†. Electrophoresis  28: 527–586. 2. Hunter, R. J. (1989). Foundations of Colloid Science. Oxford University Press. 3. Jacobs JM  et al. (2005). â€Å"Utilizing human blood plasma for proteomic biomarker discovery†. Journal of Proteome Research  4  (4): 1073–1085. ———————– Serum albumin ? Globulin ?2 Globulin ? Globulin Serum albumin ?2 Globulin â„ ¢ C Globulin ? Globulin How to cite Introductory Biochemical Laboratory Lab Report 4, Essay examples

Educational Philosophy free essay sample

He developed a broad body of work encompassing virtually all of the main areas of philosophy, and wrote extensively on social issues in popular publications, gaining a reputation as a leading social commentator of his time. Life Dewey was born on 20 October 1 859 in Burlington, Vermont, the third of four sons born to Archibald Sprague Dewey (who owned a grocery store) and Lucian Artemisia (ne Rich) (a devoutly religious woman), of modest family origins. He attended the University of Vermont in Burlington, and graduated in 1879.During this time, he was exposed to evolutionary theory, and the hurry of natural selection continued to have a life-long impact upon Dews thought. Although the philosophy teaching at Vermont was somewhat limited, his teacher, H. A. P. Torero, a learned scholar with broad philosophical interests and sympathies, was decisive in Dews philosophical development. After graduating in 1879, he worked for two years as a high school teacher in Oil City, Pennsylvania, but then borrowed money from his aunt in order to enter graduate school in philosophy at the School of Arts Sciences at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore. We will write a custom essay sample on Educational Philosophy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Two teachers in particular had a lasting influence on him: the German-trained Hegelian philosopher, George Sylvester Morris (1 840 1 899), and the experimental psychologist, Granville Stanley Hall (1844- 1924). He received his Ph. D. In 1884, and left to take up a faculty position at the University of Michigan, which he kept for ten years, and during which time he wrote his first books. He married his first wife, Alice Chapman in 1 886, and the couple had six children (with only four surviving into adulthood) before Alice died in 1927.In 1894, Dewey joined the eely founded University of Chicago where his early Idealism gave way to an empirically-based theory of knowledge, and he started to align his ideals with the emerging Pragmatic school of thought. While at Chicago, he produced a collection Of essays entitled Thought and its Subject-Matter, and his first major work on education, The School and Society in 1899. This work was based on the University of Chicago Laboratory Schools (also known as the Dewey School) which he founded in 1896, which taught according to his progressive principles of hands-on learning and exploration.In 1899, he was elected president of the American Psychological Association, and in 1905 he became president of authenticate Philosophical Association. Having resigned from the University of Chicago over disagreements with the administration in 1904, he took up a position as professor of philosophy at Columbia University in New York, and he taught there until his retirement in 1930. He developed close contacts with many philosophers working from divergent points of view in the intellectually stimulating atmosphere of the north-eastern universities, which served to nurture and enrich his thought. He published two important books, The Influence of Darwin on Philosophy and Other Essays in Contemporary Thought (1910) and Essays in Experimental Logic (1916). During this time, he traveled the world as a philosopher, social and political theorist and educational consultant, including trips to Japan, China, Turkey, USSR and Mexico. His interest in educational theory also continued during these years, fostered by his work at the Teachers College at Columbia, leading to the publication of How We Think in 1910 and, his most important work in he field, Democracy and Education in 1916.Along with fellow Columbia professors Charles Beard (1 874 1948), Thorniest Feeble (1 857 1 929) Ndjamena Harvey Robinson (1863 1936), he founded the New School for Social Research in 1 919 as a modern, progressive, free school. Dewey retired from active teaching in 1930, occasionally teaching as professor emeritus until 1939. However, his activities as public figure and productive philosopher continued unabated, including frequent contributions to popular magazines such as The New Republic and Nation, and participation in overall prestigious lecture series.He was involved in a variety political causes, including womens suffrage, the unionization of teachers and the founding Of the National Association for the Advancement Of Colored people, and he was involved in the Commission of Inquiry into the Charges Against Leon Trotsky at the Moscow Trial. In 1946, almost decades after his first wife died, he married Roberta Loti Grant, and the couple adopted two Belgian orphans. Dewey continued to work vigorously throughout his retirement, including works on Logic, Aesthetics, Epistemological Politics.He died of pneumonia in his New York home on 1 June 1952, aged 92. Work Back to Top Dews output was prodigious: 40 books and approximately 700 articles in over 140 journals. Many of his most renowned works were published after he was sixty years old. Some of his best known publications include Democracy and Education(191 6), Human Nature and Conduct (1 922), Experience and Nature (1925) and The Quest for Certainty (1929). Dewey is considered one of the three central figures in American Pragmatism, along with CharlesSanders Price (who connected term) and William James (who popularized it). However, Dewey did not identify himself as a Pragmatist per SE, but instead referred to his philosophy as Instrumentalist, a similar but separate concept. Simply put, the doctrine of Pragmatism holds that the meaning of any concept can be equated with its conceivable operational or practical consequences, and that practical consent ounces or real effects are vital components of both meaning and truth. Even more simply, something is true only insofar as it works.Instrumentalist, on the other hand, is the ethological view that concepts and theories are merely useful instruments, and their worth is measured not by whether the concepts and theories are true or false (Instrumentalist denies that theories are truth- valuable) or whether they correctly depict reality, but by how effective they are in explaining and predetermination. An important aspect of Dews philosophy is that it starts from the point of view of Fallibility, that absolute certainty about knowledge is impossible, and all claims to knowledge could, at least in principle, be mistaken.Another important aspect is his belief that humanity should be considered not just as a spectator in the world, but as an agent. Dews overall ethical stance can be described as neologism: the belief that this life is neither perfectly good nor bad, and it can be improved only through human effort. He believed that philosophys motive for existing is to make life better, and this should be approached from a practical bottom-up starting point, rather than the theoretical top-down approach of most traditional philosophy.Consistent with his view that human thought should be understood as practical problem-solving, which proceeds by testing rival hypotheses counterinsurgencies, he advocated an educational system with continued experimentation and vocational training to equip students to solve practical problems. He also emphasized learning-by-doing and the incorporation of the students past experiences into the classroom. In his Democracy and Education of 191 6, he describes in detail how an ability to respond creatively to continual changes in the natural order vitally provides for individual and community life.